FDIC plan not long-term fix for fund

WASHINGTON -- A plan that regulators proposed yesterday to have banks prepay $45 billion in insurance premiums won't provide a long-term fix for the shrinking fund that insures bank deposits.

But the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.'s proposal would spare ailing banks the immediate cost of an alternative idea: paying an emergency fee for the second time this year. And most banks likely would be able to prepay their premiums without having to reduce lending to businesses and consumers.

Regulators said they expect the cost of bank failures to grow to about $100 billion over the next four years, up from an estimate of $70 billion earlier this year. Faced with that sobering news, they voted to require banks to prepay $45 billion in premiums to replenish an insurance fund that will start running dry today.

The FDIC board's proposal to require early payments of premiums for 2010-12 could take effect after a 30-day public comment period. Depositors' money is guaranteed -- up to $250,000 per account -- by the FDIC. It would be the first time the agency has required prepaid insurance fees.

The increased loss estimate highlights the short-term nature of the prepayment solution. The agency will be able to continue paying depositors when banks fail, but banks will have to pay tens of billions more in coming years to keep the fund solvent.

Still, the shortfall likely won't make it harder for consumers and businesses to get loans -- most banks still have adequate funds available for lending. In a sluggish economy, fewer people and businesses are seeking loans. And investors wary of stocks and bonds have funneled more of their deposits to banks.

The FDIC's plan would draw on banks' ready cash. Instead of charging them a one-time fee that would deplete their capital reserves, it would spread the costs of the refunding over three years.

But the expected cost of hundreds more bank failures means banks likely will face higher premiums and more fees in the long run.